[Increased infections by herpes simplex virus type 1 and polymicrobials of the genital tract, in the general population of a Spanish middle city]. / Aumento de las infecciones por virus del herpes simple tipo 1 y polimicrobianas del aparato genital, en la población general de una ciudad media española.

OBJECTIVE: Infections by genitopathogens are a frequent reason for consultation in Primary Health Care and in the specialties of Infectious Diseases, Urology, Gynecology, and Dermatology. The most common causes are opportunistic microorganisms and responsible for sexually transmitted infections associated with unprotected sex. The objective is to determine the microorganisms that cause these infections in patients treated at the Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves in Granada and Neisseria gonorrhoeae susceptibility to antibiotics. METHODS: A transversal-descriptive and retrospective study was carried out, which included the results issued, between January 2018 and December 2019, in the Microbiology Laboratory from all the episodes studied using standardized working procedures. RESULTS: The most frequently detected microorganisms were Gardnerella vaginalis (23.81%) followed by Candida spp. (20.9%), especially in females, and N. gonorrhoeae (11.36%) and Ureaplasma urealyticum (11.99%), in males. Many times, they were presented in combination. Regarding herpes simplex viruses, infection by both species had a similar prevalence (50%) in males, while type 1 was more prevalent (76.52%) in females. The most active antibiotics against N. gonorrhoeae were cefotaxime (98%) and cefixime (100%). Tetracycline (39.02%) a poorly active antibiotic. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent pathogens corresponded to those that usually caused infections in females, although N. gonorrhoeae was the most frequent in males and mixed infections are not an accidental finding. HSV-1 infections were more frequent than HSV-2, confirming the trend of a change in the epidemiology of genital herpes.

Efecto hemodinámico de la ivabradina en 3 pacientes críticos con estenosis aórtica severa / Hemodynamic effect of ivabradine in three critical patients with severe aortic stenosis

No disponible

Experiencia inicial con aflibercept intravítreo en la degeneración macular asociada a la edad exudativa refractaria al tratamiento con ranibizumab o bevacizumab / Initial experience with aflibercept in the management of patients with wet age-related macular degeneration refractory to ranibizumab and/or bevacizumab

No disponible

Desarrollo de una versión actualizada de una aplicación informática para investigación y práctica en nutrición humana (GRUNUMUR 2.0) / Development of a current version of a software application for research and practice in human nutrition (GRUNUMUR 2.0)

El objetivo de este trabajo es la descripción de una nueva versión de la aplicación informática GRUNUMUR, herramienta de utilidad en estudios de nutrición humana diseñada por el Grupo de investigación en Nutrición de la Universidad de Murcia. De forma similar a la primera, esta versión ofrece la posibilidad de abordar diferentes tipos de estudios: dietéticos, nutricionales y de hábitos alimentarios, epidemiológicos, así como antropométricos y clínicos. La nueva versión, denominada GRUNUMUR 2.0, compatible con la primera, dispone de un sistema de ayuda en línea para todas las funciones de la aplicación, facilitando las tareas al usuario; permite el almacenamiento seguro de un número prácticamente ilimitado de resultados, de forma ordenada y organizada, que se pueden recuperar en el momento que se precise, gracias a un sistema de copias de seguridad y mantenimiento programado y desatendido (tareas realizadas por un servidor); otra ventaja es su total accesibilidad, tanto desde la intranet universitaria (www.um.es) como desde el internet, por su funcionamiento vía navegador Web (http://senver.inf.um.es/esen); y por último, permite la exportación de los datos a Excel para su posterior tratamiento con otras aplicaciones, así como la edición de informes en PDF, para entregar a los participantes del estudio en caso necesario. La nueva versión ha sido validada por comparación de los resultados extraídos con los obtenidos de otros programas informáticos, no encontrándose diferencias significativas entre ellos para ninguna de las variables analizadas. La aplicación GRUNUMUR 2.0 es una herramienta mejorada, útil y fiable para abordar estudios de nutrición humana (AU)

The aim of this paper is the description of a new version of the software application GRUNUMUR, a useful tool for human nutrition studies designed by the Nutrition Research Group from the Murcia University. Similar to the first, this second version offers the possibility to address different types of study: dietary habits (24 h recall, 7-days dietary record and Food Frequency Questionnaire), epidemiological, anthropometrical and clinical studies. The new version, called GRUNUMUR 2.0, compatible with the first one, has an online help system for all functions of the application, providing the user tasks, allows safe storage of a virtually unlimited number of results, in an orderly and organized way, you can retrieve it when required, through a system of backups and scheduled maintenance and unattended (tasks performed by a server), another advantage is its total accessibility, both from the university intranet (www.um.es) and from the internet, it works via Web Browser (http://senver.inf.um.es/esen), and finally, allows data to be exported to Excel for further processing with other applications as well as publishing reports in PDF, to deliver study participants if necessary. The new version has been validated by comparing the extracted results with those obtained from the other software with no significant differences for any of the variables analyzed. The application GRUNUMUR 2.0 is a tool improved, useful and reliable for addressing human nutrition studies (AU)

Nutrition and prevalence of undernutrition assessed by different diagnostic criteria in nursing homes for elderly people.

BACKGROUND: Undernutrition is the state produced by the intake of insufficient energy, macronutrients or micronutrients. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of undernutrition using 10 different diagnostic criteria described in the literature and to assess its association with energy intake in an institutionalised elderly population. METHODS: The cross-sectional study included 213 subjects, aged 65-96 years (135 women and 78 men), who lived in seven nursing homes in the province of Murcia, on the Mediterranean coast of Spain. Dietary intake and anthropometric and biochemical parameters were assessed, and 10 different diagnostic criteria, taken from studies of elderly subjects similar to our population, were applied. RESULTS: The mean dietary intakes appeared to cover the recommended dietary intake for a Spanish elderly population. However, only 58.2% of the studied subjects consumed 100% of the recommended dietary intake and 15.5% of the subjects had an energy intake below 80% of the recommended dietary intake. Depending on the criteria used for the diagnosis, the proportion of patients with undernutrition varied between 2% and 57%. When the relationship between undernourishment, as defined by the different methods and intake deficiency, was assessed, a statistically significant relationship was only found for five of the 10 diagnostic criteria assessed. CONCLUSIONS: Research needs to focus on the development and evaluation of specific nutritional assessment tools for application to older people aiming to improve the detection of those suffering (or who are at risk of suffering) undernutrition.

[Development of a current version of a software application for research and practice in human nutrition (GRUNUMUR 2.0)]. / Desarrollo de una versión actualizada de una aplicación informática para investigación y práctica en nutrición humana (GRUNUMUR 2.0).

The aim of this paper is the description of a new version of the software application GRUNUMUR, a useful tool for human nutrition studies designed by the Nutrition Research Group from the Murcia University. Similar to the first, this second version offers the possibility to address different types of study: dietary habits (24 h recall, 7-days dietary record and Food Frequency Questionnaire), epidemiological, anthropometrical and clinical studies. The new version, called GRUNUMUR 2.0, compatible with the first one, has an online help system for all functions of the application, providing the user tasks, allows safe storage of a virtually unlimited number of results, in an orderly and organized way, you can retrieve it when required, through a system of backups and scheduled maintenance and unattended (tasks performed by a server), another advantage is its total accessibility, both from the university intranet (www.um.es) and from the internet, it works via Web Browser (http://senver.inf.um.es/esen), and finally, allows data to be exported to Excel for further processing with other applications as well as publishing reports in PDF, to deliver study participants if necessary. The new version has been validated by comparing the extracted results with those obtained from the other software with no significant differences for any of the variables analyzed. The application GRUNUMUR 2.0 is a tool improved, useful and reliable for addressing human nutrition studies.

Estrategias para mejorar el valor nutricional de los menús ofertados en residencias públicas para personas mayores / Strategies for improving nutritional value of the meals offered by public nursing homes for the elderly

Introducción: En los países desarrollados, las personas mayores constituyen un grupo de alto riesgo nutricional,siendo los ancianos institucionalizados los más vulnerables de este colectivo.Objetivos: Se ha valorado nutricionalmente los menús ofertados en diferentes residencias públicas de personas mayores de la Región de Murcia (España), con el fin de estudiar su adecuación a las recomendaciones y diseñar posibles estrategias que permitan mejorar el estado nutricional de los residentes. Métodos: Se estudiaron un total de 252 menús ofertados en seis residencias y se valoró el aporte de energía y de macronutrientes, el perfil calórico, la calidad de la grasa y el contenido de fibra y colesterol. Los resultados obtenidos fueron comparados con las recomendaciones españolas para personas mayores y con las de la dieta equilibrada y mediterránea. Resultados y Discusión: El aporte energético medio de los menús superó ampliamente las cantidades recomendadas.El perfil calórico fue adecuado en proteínas, deficitario en carbohidratos y excesivo en lípidos. La calidad de la grasa se adecuó a la recomendada tanto en la dieta equilibrada como en la dieta mediterránea. Por el contrario,el aporte medio de fibra fue inferior y el de colesterol superior a los valores recomendados. Conclusiones: Entre las posibles estrategias para mejorar el valor nutricional de los menús estaría reducir el contenido de grasa y colesterol de los mismos e incrementar el de hidratos de carbono y fibra, sustituyendo algunos platos de carnes rojas por platos de legumbres,pan y cereales refinados por integrales, y productos lácteos enteros por semidesnatados (AU)

Background: In developed countries, elderly people are considered a group of high risk for possible nutritional imbalances, particularly if they are institutionalized. Objectives: In the present study, the nutritional valueof the meals offered by public nursing homes for the elderly in province of Murcia (Spain) was assessed, to compare the results with Spanish recommendations and to propose possible strategies for improving the nutritiona lstatus of the residents. Methods: We studied 252 meals offered by six nursing homes, evaluating the energy and macronutrient contents, caloric profile, fat quality and cholesterol and fiber contents. The results were compared with Spanish recommendations for elderly people, and recommendations for a balanced and Mediterranean diet. Results and Discussion: The average energy content of the meals widely fulfilled the amounts of Recommended Dietary Intake for the elderly population. The caloric profile was adequate as regards proteins, low in carbohydrates and high in lipids. The fat quality was adequate, the cholesterol content was higher and the fiber content lower that the recommended amounts. Conclusions: Among possible strategies to improve the nutritional value of the meals, could be a reduction in the fat and cholesterol contents and an increase in carbohydrate and fiber contents, by replacing some red meat dishes by legumes, bread and refined cereals by whole meal foods, and fat full dairy products by low fat equivalents (AU)

[Strategies for improving nutritional value of the meals offered by public nursing homes for the elderly]. / Estrategias para mejorar el valor nutricional de los menús ofertados en residencias públicas para personas mayores.

BACKGROUND: In developed countries, elderly people are considered a group of high risk for possible nutritional imbalances, particularly if they are institutionalized. OBJECTIVES: In the present study, the nutritional value of the meals offered by public nursing homes for the elderly in province of Murcia (Spain) was assessed, to compare the results with Spanish recommendations and to propose possible strategies for improving the nutritional status of the residents. METHODS: We studied 252 meals offered by six nursing homes, evaluating the energy and macronutrient contents, caloric profile, fat quality and cholesterol and fiber contents. The results were compared with Spanish recommendations for elderly people, and recommendations for a balanced and Mediterranean diet. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The average energy content of the meals widely fulfilled the amounts of Recommended Dietary Intake for the elderly population. The caloric profile was adequate as regards proteins, low in carbohydrates and high in lipids. The fat quality was adequate, the cholesterol content was higher and the fiber content lower that the recommended amounts. CONCLUSIONS: Among possible strategies to improve the nutritional value of the meals, could be a reduction in the fat and cholesterol contents and an increase in carbohydrate and fiber contents, by replacing some red meat dishes by legumes, bread and refined cereals by wholemeal foods, and fat full dairy products by low fat equivalents.

Dosis reducidas de terapia fotodinámica con Verteporfin en el tratamiento de la coriorretinopatía central serosa crónica / Low dose photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy

No disponible

Utilidad de los fármacos antiangiogénicos en la retinopatía diabética / Usefulness of antiangiogenic therapy in diabetic retinopathy

Entre las causas de pérdida de visión atribuibles a la diabetes, el edema macular es la más importante. Durante muchos años el tratamiento estándar consistía en la fotocoagulación focal con láser en la región macular. Los resultados del tratamiento con láser, limitados por otro lado, han impulsado el desarrollo de otros tratamientos, como el uso de esteroides de forma periocular o intraocular, que conseguían reducir la permeabilidad vascular, aunque de manera transitoria y con efectos adversos indeseables,como la elevación de la presión intraocular y la progresión de la catarata. Un tratamiento más reciente y prometedor consiste en bloquear el factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular (VEGF). El fundamento de este tratamiento reside en que el VEGF desempeña un papel muy importante en la patogenia del edema macular y en otras patologías vasculares retinianas. Se han encontrado niveles elevados de VEGF en el vítreo de pacientes con retinopatía diabética. Los tres tratamientos anti-VEGF disponibles de uso intraocular son: bevacizumab, ranibizumab y pegaptanib sodium

Among the causes of vision loss attributable to diabetes, macular edema is the most important. For many years, the gold standard treatment for diabetic macular edema has been focal laser photocoagulation in the macular region. The limited results of laser treatment have promoted the development of other treatment approaches such as the use of periocular or intraocular steroids, which decrease vascular permeability, but only in a transient way and with undesirable side effects such as intraocular pressure elevation and cataract progression. A more recent and promising treatment therapy is targeted to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) blockade.The rationale of this therapy relies on the fact that VEGF plays an outstanding role in the pathogenesis of macular edema and other retinal vascular pathologies. Increased levels of VEGF have been found in the vitreous of patients with diabetic retinopathy. There are already three intravitreal anti-VEGF treatments available: bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and pegaptanibsodium

[Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for pseudophakic cystoid macular edema resistant to steroids]. / Inyección intravítrea de bevacizumab para edema macular quístico pseudofáquico resistente a esteroides.

CLINICAL CASE: A 71-year-old man presented with pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) and a visual acuity (VA) of 0.1. He had been treated with 2 intra-vitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide (4 mg) 16 months previously. One week after the intra-vitreal injection of bevacizumab (1.25 mg), VA improved to 0.33, and the OCT demonstrated decreased macular thickness. Two months after the injection, no ocular complications were observed, VA was 0.5 and the OCT showed a significant reduction in the retinal thickness. CONCLUSION: Intra-vitreal injection of bevacizumab may be an additional tool for the treatment of therapy-resistant PCME.

Inyección intravítrea de bevacizumab para edema macular quístico pseudofáquico resistente a esteroides / Intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab for pseudophakic cystoid macular edema resistant to steroids

Caso clínico: Paciente varón de 71 años con edema macular quístico pseudofáquico (EMQP) y agudeza visual (AV) de 20/200 que fue previamente tratado con 2 inyecciones intravítreas de acetónido de triamcinolona (4 mg) 16 meses atrás. Una semana tras inyección intravítrea de bevacizumab (1,25 mg), la AV mejoró a 20/60, y la OCT demostró reducción del espesor retiniano. Dos meses tras la inyección los autores no observaron ninguna complicación ocular, una AV de 20/40 y la OCT reveló un importante adelgazamiento retiniano. Conclusión: La inyección intravítrea de bevacizumab puede aportar una nueva opción para los pacientes con EMQP resistente a tratamiento

Clinical case: A 71-year-old man presented with pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) and a visual acuity (VA) of 0.1. He had been treated with 2 intra-vitreal injections of triamcinolone acetonide (4 mg) 16 months previously. One week after the intra-vitreal injection of bevacizumab (1.25 mg), VA improved to 0.33, and the OCT demonstrated decreased macular thickness. Two months after the injection, no ocular complications were observed, VA was 0.5 and the OCT showed a significant reduction in the retinal thickness. Conclusion: Intra-vitreal injection of bevacizumab may be an additional tool for the treatment of therapy-resistant PCME